#Program NamePatternTimeSpaceKey IdeaLevel
1maxDepthBinaryTreeDFS RecursionO(n)O(h)Max depth = 1 + max(left depth, right depth); base case is null → 0.Simple
2invertBinaryTreeDFS RecursionO(n)O(h)Swap left and right children at every node recursively.Simple
3levelOrderTraversalBFSO(n)O(n)Process nodes level by level using a queue; snapshot queue size per level.Middle